Compostable vs. Biodegradable: What’s the Difference?

With more companies embracing eco-friendly practices, we’re seeing terms like biodegradable and compostable everywhere. While this is a positive shift for the planet, it can also leave many of us wondering—what do these words really mean, and how do they impact the environment?

Let’s clear up the confusion by breaking down each term and understanding how they differ.

Biodegradable

A biodegradable product is one that can naturally break down into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass without needing oxygen. Over time, microorganisms decompose the material, returning it to nature.

The tricky part is that there’s no specific time frame for how fast something must degrade to be labeled biodegradable. In theory, many plastics are technically biodegradable—they just take hundreds of years to fully decompose. This lack of a time limit makes it easy for companies to use the term loosely, leaving consumers unsure about the true environmental benefit.

Compostable

Compostable products, on the other hand, are designed to break down much faster—typically within 90 days—into natural elements like water, carbon dioxide, and nutrient-rich biomass. The process works because microorganisms actively consume the material, transforming it into compost that can enrich soil and support plant growth.

Unlike many biodegradable items, compostable products don’t leave behind harmful toxins or residues. Instead, they complete a natural cycle, turning waste into something beneficial for the earth.

The Key Difference

While both terms describe products that return to nature, compostable is usually the more eco-friendly option because it breaks down quickly and safely, leaving behind useful material rather than lingering waste.

At The Ecofairy, we believe understanding these terms helps us make smarter, greener choices for our planet. 🌱✨